Menuju Surabaya Green City Melalui Kerjasama Kota Kembar Surabaya-Kitakyushu
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtg.008.01.7Abstract
The sister city collaboration between Surabaya and Kitakyushu is an example of the active cooperation of local governments in Indonesia. Conceptually, this kind of cooperation is also called paradiplomacy or diplomatic activity carried out by local governments with other regions in foreign countries. This article takes a case study of the sister cities of Surabaya and Kitakyushu to then look at the institutionalization aspect as a dimension that can be seen from paradiplomacy. Using the Surabaya point of view, the institutionalization points that the writer will review in this article are (1) the formation of a special ministry or department; (2) establishment of permanent subnational offices; (3) official visits of regional authorities to foreign territories and countries; (4) participation in various international events organized by foreign actors; (5) formation and participation in multilateral global & cross-border regional networks and working groups in specific fields; and (6) regional authorization participation in international events organized by foreign entities in official delegations of the central government.
Keywords: Paradiplomacy, Surabaya, Kitakyushu, Sister City, Institutionalization
References
City of Kitakyushu. (2016). Creating Green Cities In Asia Through Intercty Cooperation. Available at: https://www.env.go.jp/earth/cop/cop22/common/pdf/event/08/01_presentation4.pdf.
Criekemans, D. (2008). Are the boundaries between paradiplomacy and diplomacy watering down? Preliminary findings and hypotheses from a comparative study of some regions with legislative power and small states., 2nd Global International Studies Conference: ‘What keeps us apart , what keeps us together? International order, justice and value’.
Diskominfo Surabaya. (2020). ‘Surabaya Kota Perdagangan dan Kota Industri’. Available at: http://dinkominfo.surabaya.go.id/download.php?id=26.
Duchacek, I. D. (1984). ‘The international dimension of subnational self-government’, Publius, 14(4). doi: 10.2307/3330188.
Fauzia, F. M. (2019). ‘Strategi Pemerintah Surabaya Untuk Mewujudkan Surabaya Green City 2018 Melalui Kerja Sama Green Sister City Dengan Pemerintah Kitakyushu’, Skripsi UIN Surabaya.
Government Of Japan. (no date). Concept Of ‘Future City’ Initiative, Future City Eco Model City. Available at: https://future-city.go.jp/en/about/.
Humas Surabaya. (2018). Wali Kota Risma Paparkan Surabaya Dalam Ajang The Guangzhou International Award 2018. Available at: https://humas.surabaya.go.id/2018/12/07/wali-kota-risma-paparkan-surabaya-dalam-ajang-the-guangzhou-international-award-2018/ (Accessed: 14 April 2021).
Jönsson, C. and Hall, M. (2005). Essence of Diplomacy, Essence of Diplomacy. doi: 10.1057/9780230511040.
KBRI Tokyo. (2017). Surabaya dan Kitakyushu Setuju Tingkatkan Kerja Sama di Berbagai Bidang, Kedutaan Besar Republik Indonesia di Tokyo, Jepang.
Kemendagri Indonesia. (2019). Data Pokok Kemendagri 2019.
Kerjasama Surabaya. (2018a). Kunjungan Delegasi Kitakyushu Terkait Kerjasama Green Sister City, Bagian Administrasi Kerjasama Kota Surabaya. Available at: https://kerjasama.surabaya.go.id/2018/05/kunjungan-delegasi-kitakyushu-terkait-kerjasama-green-sister-city/ (Accessed: 3 April 2021).
Kerjasama Surabaya. (2018b). Kunjungan Delegasi Kota KItakyushu di Kota Surabaya Pada Tanggal 9-13 Januari 2017, Bagian Administrasi Kerjasama Kota Surabaya. Available at: https://kerjasama.surabaya.go.id/kunjungan-delegasi-kota-kitakyushu-di-kota-surabaya-pada-tanggal-9-13-januari-2017/ (Accessed: 3 April 2021).
Kerjasama Surabaya. (no date). Kerjasama Surabaya-Kitakyushu, Bagian Administrasi Kerjasama Kota Surabaya. Available at: www.kerjasama.surabaya.go.id.
Kitakyushu Initiative for a Clean Environment. (no date). About Us. Available at: https://kitakyushu.iges.or.jp/about/index.html.
Kuznetsov, A. (2014). Theory and Practice of Paradiplomacy, Theory and Practice of Paradiplomacy. doi: 10.4324/9781315817088.
Lecours, A. (2002). ‘Paradiplomacy: Reflections on the Foreign Policy and International Relations of Regions’, International Negotiation, 7.
Octavia, M. B. (2017). ‘Kerjasama Green Sister City Surabaya Dan Kitakyushu (Studi Kasus Pengelolaan Sampah) Melalui Super Depo Suterejo’, eJournal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional, 5(2), pp. 685–700.
OECD. (2016). Urban Green Growth in Dynamic Asia, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Available at: https://www.oecd.org/environment/urban-green-growth-in-dynamic-asia-9789264266360-en.htm (Accessed: 4 April 2021).
Pandia, A. S. B. (2012). Kerja Sama Surabaya-Kitakyushu Lebih Komprehensif, Kompas.com. Available at: https://regional.kompas.com/read/2012/11/12/19522614/Kerja.Sama.Surabaya-Kitakyushu.Lebih.Komprehensif?page=all (Accessed: 20 April 2021).
Republik Indonesia. (2020). Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia Nomor 25 Tahun 2020 Tentang Tata Cara Kerja Sama Daerah Dengan Pemerintah Daerah Di Luar Negeri Dan Kerja Sama Daerah Dengan Lembaga Di Luar Negeri. Berita Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 513 Tahun 2020.
Ridwan, M. (2015a). Atasi Sampah, Surabaya ‘Intip’ Sejarah Kitakyushu, Lensa Indonesia. Available at: https://www.lensaindonesia.com/2015/10/14/atasi-sampah-surabaya-intip-sejarah-kitakyushu.html (Accessed: 2 April 2021).
Ridwan, M. (2015b). Risma Membangun Surabaya dari Sejarah Kelam Kitakyushu, Lensa Indonesia. Available at: https://www.lensaindonesia.com/2015/10/19/risma-membangun-surabaya-dari-sejarah-kelam-kitakyushu.html (Accessed: 2 April 2021).
Riski, P. (2014). Surabaya, Kota Percontohan Pengolahan Sampah Terbaik Indonesia, Mongabay. Available at: https://www.mongabay.co.id/2014/02/27/surabaya-kota-percontohan-pengolahan-sampah-terbaik-indonesia/.
Tempo.co (2003). Janji Tak Dipenuhi, Warga Menutup Tempat Pembuangan Akhir Sampah. Available at: https://nasional.tempo.co/read/11098/janji-tak-dipenuhi-warga-menutup-tempat-pembuangan-akhir-sampah (Accessed: 1 April 2021).
UNCRD. (2013). Mayor’s Forum: Urban Green Growth in Dynamic Asia, United Nations Centre for Regional Development. Available at: https://www.uncrd.or.jp/index.php?page=view&type=13&nr=888&menu=222 (Accessed: 4 April 2021).
Walikota Surabaya. (2016). Peraturan Walikota Surabaya Nomor 44 Tahun 2016 Tentang Kedudukan, Susunan Organisasi, Uraian Tugas dan Fungsi Serta Tata Kerja Sekretariat Daerah Kota Surabaya. Berita Daerah Kota Surabaya Tahun 2016 Nomor 48.
Wolff, S. (2007). ‘Paradiplomacy: Scope, Opportunities and Challenges’, The Bologna Center Journal of International Affairs, 10 (1).
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Transformasi Global
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
